With 9 players on 2 courts, 8 play and 1 sits out each round. Play 9 rounds and every player sits out exactly once, plays 8 games, and partners each of the other 8 players exactly once.
With 9 players on 1 court, 4 play and 5 sit out each round. Sit-outs still never differ by more than one between any two players.
9 players on 2 courts: 1 sits out each round
Each round, four teams play on two courts and one player sits out. Players are listed in sign-up order. Nobody has sat out at the start, so the first name on the list sits first, and the sit-out works its way down the list.
| Round | Sits out | Court 1 | Court 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Alex | Blake & CaseyvsDrew & Emery | Finley & GrayvsHarper & Indy |
| 2 | Blake | Alex & HarpervsCasey & Indy | Drew & FinleyvsEmery & Gray |
| 3 | Casey | Alex & FinleyvsDrew & Harper | Emery & IndyvsBlake & Gray |
| 4 | Drew | Alex & GrayvsEmery & Harper | Casey & FinleyvsBlake & Indy |
| 5 | Emery | Alex & BlakevsCasey & Gray | Drew & IndyvsFinley & Harper |
| 6 | Finley | Alex & IndyvsCasey & Emery | Blake & HarpervsDrew & Gray |
| 7 | Gray | Alex & DrewvsFinley & Indy | Blake & EmeryvsCasey & Harper |
| 8 | Harper | Alex & EmeryvsBlake & Finley | Casey & DrewvsGray & Indy |
| 9 | Indy | Alex & CaseyvsBlake & Drew | Gray & HarpervsEmery & Finley |
Every player sits out once and plays 8 games. All 36 possible partnerships happen exactly once, so nobody has the same partner twice. Opponents spread out too: 34 of the 36 pairs of players face each other 1 to 3 times.
Who partners whom
Find two names to see the round in which they're partners. Every pair appears exactly once.
| Player | Alex | Blake | Casey | Drew | Emery | Finley | Gray | Harper | Indy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alex | · | 5 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| Blake | 5 | · | 1 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 3 | 6 | 4 |
| Casey | 9 | 1 | · | 8 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 2 |
| Drew | 7 | 9 | 8 | · | 1 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 5 |
| Emery | 8 | 7 | 6 | 1 | · | 9 | 2 | 4 | 3 |
| Finley | 3 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 9 | · | 1 | 5 | 7 |
| Gray | 4 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 2 | 1 | · | 9 | 8 |
| Harper | 2 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 9 | · | 1 |
| Indy | 6 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 1 | · |
9 players on 1 court: 5 sit out each round
With one court, only 4 of the 9 can play, so 5 sit out each round. Over 9 rounds everyone sits out 5 times and plays 4 games. Because more people sit than play, some players sit two rounds in a row. Sit-outs still never differ by more than one between any two players. If you can get a second court, take it: everyone plays 8 of 9 rounds instead of 4.
| Round | Sits out | Court 1 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | AlexBlakeCaseyDrewEmery | Finley & GrayvsHarper & Indy |
| 2 | AlexFinleyGrayHarperIndy | Blake & CaseyvsDrew & Emery |
| 3 | BlakeCaseyDrewEmeryFinley | Alex & HarpervsGray & Indy |
| 4 | AlexBlakeGrayHarperIndy | Casey & DrewvsEmery & Finley |
| 5 | CaseyDrewEmeryFinleyGray | Alex & IndyvsBlake & Harper |
| 6 | AlexBlakeCaseyHarperIndy | Drew & FinleyvsEmery & Gray |
| 7 | DrewEmeryFinleyGrayHarper | Alex & CaseyvsBlake & Indy |
| 8 | AlexBlakeCaseyDrewIndy | Emery & HarpervsFinley & Gray |
| 9 | EmeryFinleyGrayHarperIndy | Alex & DrewvsBlake & Casey |
Sit-out count for each player
After 9 rounds, every player has the same number of sit-outs and games on either setup.
| Player | Sat out (2 courts) | Games (2 courts) | Different partners (2 courts) | Sat out (1 court) | Games (1 court) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alex | 1 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Blake | 1 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Casey | 1 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Drew | 1 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Emery | 1 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Finley | 1 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Gray | 1 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Harper | 1 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Indy | 1 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
Other player counts
The same rule for 5 to 16 players, on as many courts as each group can fill (4 players per court). Each table runs until everyone has sat out once. Groups of 8, 12 and 16 fill their courts exactly, so nobody sits.
5 players, 1 court
4 play and 1 sits out each round. Everyone has sat out once after 5 rounds.
| Round | Sits out |
|---|---|
| 1 | Alex |
| 2 | Blake |
| 3 | Casey |
| 4 | Drew |
| 5 | Emery |
6 players, 1 court
4 play and 2 sit out each round. Everyone has sat out once after 3 rounds.
| Round | Sits out |
|---|---|
| 1 | Alex, Blake |
| 2 | Casey, Drew |
| 3 | Emery, Finley |
7 players, 1 court
4 play and 3 sit out each round. Everyone has sat out once after 3 rounds.
| Round | Sits out |
|---|---|
| 1 | Alex, Blake, Casey |
| 2 | Drew, Emery, Finley |
| 3 | Alex, Blake, Gray |
Round 3 gives Gray a first sit-out. 3 players sit each round, so Alex and Blake sit for a second time.
8 players, 2 courts
8 play every round. Nobody sits out.
10 players, 2 courts
8 play and 2 sit out each round. Everyone has sat out once after 5 rounds.
| Round | Sits out |
|---|---|
| 1 | Alex, Blake |
| 2 | Casey, Drew |
| 3 | Emery, Finley |
| 4 | Gray, Harper |
| 5 | Indy, Jordan |
11 players, 2 courts
8 play and 3 sit out each round. Everyone has sat out once after 4 rounds.
| Round | Sits out |
|---|---|
| 1 | Alex, Blake, Casey |
| 2 | Drew, Emery, Finley |
| 3 | Gray, Harper, Indy |
| 4 | Alex, Jordan, Kai |
Round 4 gives Jordan and Kai a first sit-out. 3 players sit each round, so Alex sits for a second time.
12 players, 3 courts
12 play every round. Nobody sits out.
13 players, 3 courts
12 play and 1 sits out each round. Everyone has sat out once after 13 rounds.
| Round | Sits out |
|---|---|
| 1 | Alex |
| 2 | Blake |
| 3 | Casey |
| 4 | Drew |
| 5 | Emery |
| 6 | Finley |
| 7 | Gray |
| 8 | Harper |
| 9 | Indy |
| 10 | Jordan |
| 11 | Kai |
| 12 | Logan |
| 13 | Morgan |
14 players, 3 courts
12 play and 2 sit out each round. Everyone has sat out once after 7 rounds.
| Round | Sits out |
|---|---|
| 1 | Alex, Blake |
| 2 | Casey, Drew |
| 3 | Emery, Finley |
| 4 | Gray, Harper |
| 5 | Indy, Jordan |
| 6 | Kai, Logan |
| 7 | Morgan, Noel |
15 players, 3 courts
12 play and 3 sit out each round. Everyone has sat out once after 5 rounds.
| Round | Sits out |
|---|---|
| 1 | Alex, Blake, Casey |
| 2 | Drew, Emery, Finley |
| 3 | Gray, Harper, Indy |
| 4 | Jordan, Kai, Logan |
| 5 | Morgan, Noel, Parker |
16 players, 4 courts
16 play every round. Nobody sits out.
For 4 to 32 players on 1 to 8 courts, see how many players you need for a round robin.
How to run a 9-player rotation
Use two courts if you can
With two courts, 8 play and 1 sits out each round. On one court, 5 of the 9 sit out every round.
Write the names down in order
Sign-up order is fine. The order only breaks ties, so it doesn't matter who goes first.
Pick who sits out
Each round, the player with the fewest sit-outs sits. On a tie, whoever sat longest ago sits, then whoever is higher on the list.
Give everyone new partners
Pair each player with someone they haven't partnered yet. The 2-court table above does this for you: in 9 rounds, everyone partners everyone else once.
Keep score per player
Each player gets their team's result for that game. Rank by win rate, then point difference per game, then total points.
Handle a late arrival
Someone who arrives mid-night starts level with the fewest sit-outs so far, so they aren't benched round after round to catch up.
Questions about 9-player rotations
How many players sit out with 9 players on 2 courts?
One. Eight players fill two courts and one sits out each round. After 9 rounds, everyone has sat out exactly once.
How many rounds should 9 players play?
Nine rounds is the natural length on 2 courts: everyone sits out once, plays 8 games and partners all 8 other players. If you stop earlier, some players will have played one more game than others, which is why ranking by win rate is fairer than ranking by total wins.
What if a 10th player shows up?
With 10 players on 2 courts, 2 sit out each round and everyone has sat out once after 5 rounds. Have the newcomer start level with the group's fewest sit-outs so they aren't benched to catch up.
Can 9 players use 3 courts?
Not all at once. Three courts need 12 players. With 9 you can fill 2 courts, and the third stays empty.
Is it fair that someone always sits out?
Yes, as long as sit-outs are spread evenly. With the rule on this page, sit-outs never differ by more than one between any two players, and nobody is benched while someone with fewer sit-outs keeps playing.